Journal rankings · indicator year 2016
Choose a field to open its ranking, or a journal to find its row in its subfield’s list.
Subfield ranking · 2016
Epidemiology journal rankings 2016
187 ranked journals · Subfield in Medicine
Epidemiology has 187 ranked journals in 2016. The median journal has an OJR of 0.82, below the world average of 1.00, up 0.03 on 2015; Q1 starts at OJR 1.33. The top three are Cerebrovascular Diseases Extra, Clinical Epidemiology, and Autophagy.
Ranks and citation indicators: 2016. Journal access status and listed APC: source snapshot September 23, 2026.
Journals whose main subfield sits in this category and that published at least 30 citable documents (articles, reviews and conference papers) in 2013–2015, the window the 2016 score is computed on.
The OpenJournalRank Indicator (OJR) is a free, publicly available metric of a journal’s field-normalized citation impact, computed from open OpenAlex citation data. It compares citations to a journal’s papers from the previous three years with the world average for papers of the same subfield, year and type, so 1.00 is the world average and values can be compared across fields. It is computed with the NCI3 method.
The middle OJR among ranked journals in this category: half score higher, half lower. 1.00 is the world average for papers of the same subfield, year and type.
The dot is this category, the solid tick is the median of all ranked journals and the dashed line is the world average.
Share of ranked journals in this category that are fully open access, so every paper is free to read. Hybrid journals, which sell subscriptions and open single papers for a fee, are not counted.
Median list price of the article processing charge, in US dollars, among ranked journals in this category that list a price above zero. Journals with a listed APC of $0 and journals with no known price are left out of this median. The At a glance table below gives a second median that includes the $0 prices.
Subfields of Medicine (42)
- Surgery821
- Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine315
- Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health256
- Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine248
- Oncology198
- Infectious Diseases189
- Epidemiology187
- Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism151
- Neurology151
- Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging142
- Psychiatry and Mental health134
- Physiology131
Show all 42 subfields
- Orthopedics and Sports Medicine102
- Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health91
- Ophthalmology80
- Dermatology78
- Hematology70
- Obstetrics and Gynecology64
- Rheumatology58
- Nephrology53
- Reproductive Medicine46
- Pharmacology44
- Complementary and alternative medicine43
- Emergency Medicine37
- Geriatrics and Gerontology35
- Otorhinolaryngology32
- Rehabilitation31
- Pathology and Forensic Medicine24
- Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine23
- Hepatology21
- Genetics20
- Immunology and Allergy19
- Urology13
- Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine12
- Gastroenterology6
- Internal Medicine4
- Family Practice3
- Transplantation3
- Health Informatics1
- Anatomy0
- Biochemistry0
- Microbiology0
187 ranked journals
Filters
Rank is the position by OJR within the list on screen; 1 is the highest. | OJR is field-normalized 3-year citation impact: 1.00 is the world average for papers of the same subfield, year and type, so values compare across fields. The badge is the journal’s quartile in this list. | Citations per paper over a two-year window, counted from OpenAlex. It is not field-normalized, so compare it only between journals of the same field. ▲ or ▼ is the change from 2015. This is OpenJournalRank’s own count, not Clarivate’s Journal Impact Factor. | Citable documents (articles, reviews and conference papers) published in 2013–2015, the window the 2016 OJR is computed on. A journal needs at least 30 to be ranked. | Share of the journal’s 2013–2015 papers that are free to read in any open-access form. The green OA tag next to a title marks a fully open-access journal. | List price of the article processing charge in US dollars. “$0 listed” means the listed price is zero; a dash means no price is listed. | The line is the journal’s OJR from 2007 to 2016. | Compare |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1Cerebrovascular Diseases ExtraOAKarger Publishers · Switzerland | 4.83Q1 | 6.74 5.31 down from 2015 | 67 | 100% | $1,350 | ||
2Clinical EpidemiologyOADove Medical Press · New Zealand | 3.76Q1 | 8.89 0.95 up from 2015 | 152 | 100% | $2,836 | ||
3AutophagyTaylor & Francis · United States | 3.72Q1 | 8.46 0.73 up from 2015 | 476 | 100% | — | ||
4Journal of HepatologyElsevier BV · Denmark | 3.49Q1 | 9.49 1.09 up from 2015 | 1,256 | 13% | $5,500 | ||
5Infectious Disease Clinics of North AmericaElsevier BV · United States | 2.83Q1 | 6.04 1.82 up from 2015 | 138 | 22% | $4,050 | ||
6StrokeLippincott Williams & Wilkins · United States | 2.81Q1 | 6.15 0.19 down from 2015 | 2,163 | 22% | — | ||
7Cerebrovascular DiseasesKarger Publishers · Switzerland | 2.67Q1 | 7.67 0.01 up from 2015 | 390 | 27% | — | ||
8Therapeutic Advances in VaccinesSAGE Publishing · United Kingdom | 2.67Q1 | 7.90 2.53 up from 2015 | 34 | 100% | — | ||
9Seminars in Liver DiseaseThieme Medical Publishers (Germany) · United States | 2.57Q1 | 5.81 1.12 down from 2015 | 156 | 15% | — | ||
10Current Opinion in Infectious DiseasesLippincott Williams & Wilkins · United States | 2.54Q1 | 4.89 0.53 down from 2015 | 238 | 24% | — | ||
11Journal of StrokeOASouth Korea | 2.54Q1 | 4.88 1.50 down from 2015 | 111 | 100% | — | ||
12PLoS CurrentsPublic Library of Science · United States | 2.47Q1 | 4.78 1.05 down from 2015 | 258 | 100% | — | ||
13Clinical Gastroenterology and HepatologyElsevier BV · United States | 2.16Q1 | 4.60 0.78 down from 2015 | 1,230 | 28% | $4,470 | ||
14World Journal of Gastrointestinal PathophysiologyOABaishideng Publishing Group · United States | 2.13Q1 | 4.70 0.53 up from 2015 | 109 | 100% | — | ||
15IntervirologyOAKarger Publishers · Switzerland | 2.10Q1 | 1.57 5.44 down from 2015 | 160 | 44% | $1,250 | ||
16Alimentary Pharmacology & TherapeuticsWiley · United Kingdom | 2.09Q1 | 6.27 0.35 up from 2015 | 962 | 61% | $5,250 | ||
17AddictionWiley · United Kingdom | 2.06Q1 | 4.43 0.11 up from 2015 | 918 | 67% | $4,600 | ||
18MetabolismElsevier BV · United States | 2.03Q1 | 5.88 0.29 up from 2015 | 586 | 38% | $5,340 | ||
19Psychology of Addictive BehaviorsAmerican Psychological Association · United States | 1.99Q1 | 3.19 0.10 up from 2015 | 301 | 63% | — | ||
20Journal of NeurotraumaMary Ann Liebert, Inc. · United States | 1.98Q1 | 4.75 0.31 down from 2015 | 722 | 47% | — | ||
21Evidence-Based Child Health A Cochrane Review JournalWiley · United Kingdom | 1.94Q1 | 3.73 0.65 up from 2015 | 79 | — | — | ||
22Journal of VirologyOAAmerican Society for Microbiology · United States | 1.88Q1 | 4.96 0.02 up from 2015 | 3,708 | 100% | — | ||
23Journal of NeuroendocrinologyWiley · United Kingdom | 1.85Q1 | 4.12 0.21 down from 2015 | 286 | 40% | $4,550 | ||
24Veterinary ResearchOABioMed Central · United Kingdom | 1.84Q1 | 3.06 0.19 down from 2015 | 434 | 100% | $2,390 | ||
25Journal of Studies on Alcohol and DrugsAlcohol Research Documentation · United States | 1.82Q1 | 3.35 0.31 up from 2015 | 284 | 66% | — | ||
26International Journal of Drug PolicyElsevier BV · Netherlands | 1.75Q1 | 3.28 0.27 up from 2015 | 529 | 41% | $4,350 | ||
27Alcohol and AlcoholismOxford University Press · United Kingdom | 1.74Q1 | 2.39 2.17 down from 2015 | 339 | 50% | $4,286 | ||
28VirologyElsevier BV · United States | 1.71Q1 | 3.83 0.32 up from 2015 | 1,220 | 99% | $3,160 | ||
29NeuroendocrinologyKarger Publishers · Switzerland | 1.70Q1 | 3.42 0.45 down from 2015 | 201 | 48% | — | ||
30Addictive Behaviors ReportsOAElsevier BV · United Kingdom | 1.63Q1 | 2.34no 2015 value | 32 | 100% | $3,330 | — | |
31VaccineElsevier BV · United Kingdom | 1.62Q1 | 3.76 0.20 down from 2015 | 3,156 | 49% | $3,620 | ||
32Harm Reduction JournalOABioMed Central · United Kingdom | 1.61Q1 | 2.90 1.02 down from 2015 | 128 | 100% | $3,290 | ||
33European Addiction ResearchKarger Publishers · Switzerland | 1.59Q1 | 3.15 0.09 down from 2015 | 112 | 44% | — | ||
34Expert Review of VaccinesOAInforma · United States | 1.58Q1 | 3.72 0.34 down from 2015 | 433 | 52% | — | ||
35Journal of Viral HepatitisWiley · United Kingdom | 1.49Q1 | 4.70 0.62 up from 2015 | 417 | 37% | $4,610 | ||
36Substance Abuse Research and TreatmentOASAGE Publishing · United States | 1.48Q1 | 2.14 0.51 down from 2015 | 60 | 100% | $2,650 | ||
37Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo CruzOAInstituto Oswaldo Cruz, Ministério da Saúde · Brazil | 1.48Q1 | 3.49 1.21 up from 2015 | 500 | 100% | — | ||
38Journal of Clinical VirologyElsevier BV · Netherlands | 1.45Q1 | 3.64 0.56 up from 2015 | 878 | 17% | $4,210 | ||
39International Breastfeeding JournalOABioMed Central · United Kingdom | 1.45Q1 | 3.86 0.77 up from 2015 | 76 | 100% | $3,090 | ||
40Substance Abuse Treatment Prevention and PolicyOABioMed Central · United Kingdom | 1.44Q1 | 2.93 0.33 down from 2015 | 136 | 100% | $3,090 | ||
41Clinical Journal of Sport MedicineLippincott Williams & Wilkins · United States | 1.43Q1 | 2.02 0.67 down from 2015 | 328 | 13% | — | ||
42Journal of Head Trauma RehabilitationLippincott Williams & Wilkins · United States | 1.42Q1 | 2.99 0.06 down from 2015 | 273 | 37% | — | ||
43Alcoholism Clinical and Experimental ResearchWiley · United States | 1.41Q1 | 3.35 0.17 down from 2015 | 800 | 65% | $4,110 | ||
44Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & HepatologyNature Portfolio · United Kingdom | 1.39Q1 | 4.25 0.61 down from 2015 | 671 | 16% | — | ||
45Stroke Research and TreatmentOAHindawi Publishing Corporation · United Kingdom | 1.36Q1 | 2.88 0.20 down from 2015 | 83 | 100% | $1,000 | ||
46Journal of Critical CareElsevier BV · United States | 1.35Q1 | 2.92 0.22 up from 2015 | 867 | 18% | $3,610 | ||
47Annals of PharmacotherapySAGE Publishing · United States | 1.33Q1 | 2.97 0.02 up from 2015 | 677 | 7% | $4,400 | ||
48Journal of Intensive CareOABioMed Central · United Kingdom | 1.31Q2 | 1.17 0.78 up from 2015 | 473 | 100% | $2,577 | ||
49Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North AmericaElsevier BV · United States | 1.28Q2 | 2.55 0.66 up from 2015 | 148 | 5% | $3,480 | ||
50ShockLippincott Williams & Wilkins · United States | 1.27Q2 | 3.07 0.09 up from 2015 | 581 | 33% | — |
Subfields of Medicine, with Epidemiology highlighted.
- Surgery821
- Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine315
- Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health256
- Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine248
- Oncology198
- Infectious Diseases189
- Epidemiology187
- Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism151
- Neurology151
- Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging142
- Psychiatry and Mental health134
- Physiology131
- Orthopedics and Sports Medicine102
- Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health91
- Ophthalmology80
- Dermatology78
- Hematology70
- Obstetrics and Gynecology64
- Rheumatology58
- Nephrology53
- Reproductive Medicine46
- Pharmacology44
- Complementary and alternative medicine43
- Emergency Medicine37
- Geriatrics and Gerontology35
- Otorhinolaryngology32
- Rehabilitation31
- Pathology and Forensic Medicine24
- Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine23
- Hepatology21
- Genetics20
- Immunology and Allergy19
- Urology13
- Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine12
- Gastroenterology6
- Internal Medicine4
- Family Practice3
- Transplantation3
- Health Informatics1
- Anatomy0
- Biochemistry0
- Microbiology0
Journals
Citations made in 2016. Corpus-wide, 77.2% of core-journal articles and reviews published that year have at least one matched reference; the share varies by journal and field.
84 additional Epidemiology journals with metrics are unranked under this release’s eligibility rules: a journal needs at least 30 citable documents in 2013–2015, at least 80% of them with a subfield, and a positive world-average expectation. Ranks are within the whole category; filters hide rows without re-ranking. OJR excludes self-citations.
At a glance
Indicator year: 2016. Publication window: 2013–2015. How these summaries are calculated
- Ranked journals
- 187
- Window papers (baseline)
- 168,650 +13.1% from indicator year 2013
- Median OJR
- 0.82224 -2.6% from indicator year 2013
- Rising journals (2025)
- 17
Window papers are the baseline paper population: citable papers (articles, reviews and conference papers) from 2013–2015 in all journals of the world-average baseline, including non-core journals, counted by each paper’s own subfield. They are not the papers of the ranked journals alone.
| Measure | Year series | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ranked journals | 77 | 81 | 87 | 89 | 94 | 91 | 97 | 108 | 114 | 119 | 129 | 139 | 147 | 157 | 166 | 176 | 187 | 185 | 193 | 198 | 196 | 204 | 196 | 199 | 187 | 178 | |
| Window papers (baseline) | 48,701 | 54,887 | 59,554 | 64,149 | 67,383 | 74,616 | 83,633 | 94,079 | 103,216 | 113,942 | 125,223 | 136,221 | 144,307 | 149,052 | 156,773 | 162,831 | 168,650 | 170,014 | 174,699 | 179,855 | 189,056 | 200,238 | 212,651 | 217,205 | 217,754 | 220,321 | |
| Median OJR | 0.668 | 0.61 | 0.670 | 0.71 | 0.69 | 0.82223 | 0.85 | 0.8287 | 0.835 | 0.86 | 0.8293 | 0.830 | 0.87 | 0.844 | 0.836 | 0.795 | 0.82224 | 0.803 | 0.74 | 0.832 | 0.78 | 0.755 | 0.81 | 0.787 | 0.760 | 0.797 |
How to read these rankings
- OJR, the OpenJournalRank Indicator
- A field-normalized 3-year citation impact, computed from OpenAlex with the NCI3 method. It divides the citations a journal’s papers received by the world average for papers of the same subfield, year and type, so 1.00 is the world average and 2.00 means twice as many citations as expected. Because it is normalized, it can be compared across fields. Read the methodology
- Quartiles
- Q1 to Q4 split the ranked journals of the list you are viewing into four equal groups by OJR. A journal’s quartile depends on the list: the same journal can be Q1 in its subfield and Q2 among all journals.
- Impact factor (2-year)
- Citations per paper over a two-year window, counted from OpenAlex. It is easy to compare with familiar impact factors but is not field-normalized, so compare it only within a field. It is not Clarivate’s Journal Impact Factor. Why it differs from the Journal Impact Factor
- Rank ranges
- Each rank in the latest year carries a likely range from 1,000 resamples of the journal’s papers. Where two journals’ ranges overlap, the data cannot tell them apart, so treat neighbouring ranks as ties.