Journal rankings · indicator year 2016
Choose a field to open its ranking, or a journal to find its row in its subfield’s list.
Field ranking · 2016
Medicine journal rankings 2016
3,936 ranked journals · Field in Health Sciences
Medicine has 3,936 ranked journals in 2016. The median journal has an OJR of 0.73, below the world average of 1.00, down 0.02 on 2015; Q1 starts at OJR 1.24. The top three are CA A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, New England Journal of Medicine, and Clinical Microbiology Reviews.
Ranks and citation indicators: 2016. Journal access status and listed APC: source snapshot September 23, 2026.
Journals whose main subfield sits in this category and that published at least 30 citable documents (articles, reviews and conference papers) in 2013–2015, the window the 2016 score is computed on.
The OpenJournalRank Indicator (OJR) is a free, publicly available metric of a journal’s field-normalized citation impact, computed from open OpenAlex citation data. It compares citations to a journal’s papers from the previous three years with the world average for papers of the same subfield, year and type, so 1.00 is the world average and values can be compared across fields. It is computed with the NCI3 method.
The middle OJR among ranked journals in this category: half score higher, half lower. 1.00 is the world average for papers of the same subfield, year and type.
The dot is this category, the solid tick is the median of all ranked journals and the dashed line is the world average.
Share of ranked journals in this category that are fully open access, so every paper is free to read. Hybrid journals, which sell subscriptions and open single papers for a fee, are not counted.
Median list price of the article processing charge, in US dollars, among ranked journals in this category that list a price above zero. Journals with a listed APC of $0 and journals with no known price are left out of this median. The At a glance table below gives a second median that includes the $0 prices.
Subfields in Medicine (42)
Up to Health Sciences- Surgery821
- Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine315
- Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health256
- Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine248
- Oncology198
- Infectious Diseases189
- Epidemiology187
- Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism151
- Neurology151
- Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging142
- Psychiatry and Mental health134
- Physiology131
Show all 42 subfields
- Orthopedics and Sports Medicine102
- Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health91
- Ophthalmology80
- Dermatology78
- Hematology70
- Obstetrics and Gynecology64
- Rheumatology58
- Nephrology53
- Reproductive Medicine46
- Pharmacology44
- Complementary and alternative medicine43
- Emergency Medicine37
- Geriatrics and Gerontology35
- Otorhinolaryngology32
- Rehabilitation31
- Pathology and Forensic Medicine24
- Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine23
- Hepatology21
- Genetics20
- Immunology and Allergy19
- Urology13
- Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine12
- Gastroenterology6
- Internal Medicine4
- Family Practice3
- Transplantation3
- Health Informatics1
- Anatomy0
- Biochemistry0
- Microbiology0
3,936 ranked journals
Filters
Rank is the position by OJR within the list on screen; 1 is the highest. | OJR is field-normalized 3-year citation impact: 1.00 is the world average for papers of the same subfield, year and type, so values compare across fields. The badge is the journal’s quartile in this list. | Citations per paper over a two-year window, counted from OpenAlex. It is not field-normalized, so compare it only between journals of the same field. ▲ or ▼ is the change from 2015. This is OpenJournalRank’s own count, not Clarivate’s Journal Impact Factor. | Citable documents (articles, reviews and conference papers) published in 2013–2015, the window the 2016 OJR is computed on. A journal needs at least 30 to be ranked. | Share of the journal’s 2013–2015 papers that are free to read in any open-access form. The green OA tag next to a title marks a fully open-access journal. | List price of the article processing charge in US dollars. “$0 listed” means the listed price is zero; a dash means no price is listed. | The line is the journal’s OJR from 2007 to 2016. | Compare |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1CA A Cancer Journal for CliniciansOAWiley · United States | 64.20Q1 | 185.98 46.55 up from 2015 | 80 | 100% | $4,330 | ||
2New England Journal of MedicineMassachusetts Medical Society · United States | 17.08Q1 | 35.55 4.15 up from 2015 | 2,763 | 39% | — | ||
3Clinical Microbiology ReviewsAmerican Society for Microbiology · United States | 12.73Q1 | 27.23 5.31 up from 2015 | 116 | 89% | — | ||
4Integrative Medicine InternationalOAKarger Publishers · Switzerland | 9.40Q1 | 17.40 15.96 up from 2015 | 45 | 100% | — | ||
5European Heart JournalOxford University Press · United Kingdom | 8.39Q1 | 18.73 0.48 up from 2015 | 1,122 | 41% | $5,922 | ||
6Endocrine ReviewsOxford University Press · United States | 7.76Q1 | 16.60 1.32 down from 2015 | 74 | 34% | $3,750 | ||
7The Lancet NeurologyElsevier BV · Netherlands | 7.42Q1 | 15.66 0.47 down from 2015 | 572 | 41% | $7,280 | ||
8The Lancet OncologyElsevier BV · United Kingdom | 7.26Q1 | 18.07 1.36 up from 2015 | 1,107 | 27% | $7,280 | ||
9Nature MedicineNature Portfolio · United States | 6.81Q1 | 17.48 2.31 up from 2015 | 1,078 | 58% | $12,690 | ||
10Journal of the American College of CardiologyElsevier BV · United States | 6.70Q1 | 12.62 2.81 down from 2015 | 2,170 | 100% | $7,166 | ||
11MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly ReportOACenters for Disease Control and Prevention · United States | 6.67Q1 | 10.73 6.48 up from 2015 | 168 | 91% | — | ||
12Cancer CellCell Press · Netherlands | 6.32Q1 | 19.64 2.21 up from 2015 | 542 | 100% | $10,400 | ||
13Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders ExtraOAKarger Publishers · Switzerland | 6.27Q1 | 2.26 17.81 down from 2015 | 151 | 100% | $1,670 | ||
14CirculationLippincott Williams & Wilkins · United States | 6.15Q1 | 13.06 0.24 down from 2015 | 2,261 | 13% | — | ||
15Journal of Clinical OncologyLippincott Williams & Wilkins · United States | 6.15Q1 | 14.68 0.92 up from 2015 | 2,287 | 5% | — | ||
16Obesity FactsOAKarger Publishers · Switzerland | 5.50Q1 | 5.70 6.95 down from 2015 | 143 | 100% | $3,590 | ||
17PLoS MedicineOAPublic Library of Science · United States | 5.45Q1 | 11.24 0.79 down from 2015 | 549 | 100% | $6,460 | ||
18Progress in Retinal and Eye ResearchElsevier BV · Netherlands | 5.32Q1 | 12.73 1.80 up from 2015 | 107 | 66% | $6,710 | ||
19Cerebrovascular Diseases ExtraOAKarger Publishers · Switzerland | 4.83Q1 | 6.74 5.31 down from 2015 | 67 | 100% | $1,350 | ||
20European UrologyElsevier BV · Switzerland | 4.77Q1 | 10.89 0.31 up from 2015 | 1,054 | 22% | $5,250 | ||
21Alzheimer s & DementiaWiley · United States | 4.71Q1 | 9.56 1.68 down from 2015 | 440 | 21% | $4,200 | ||
22Natural Product ReportsRoyal Society of Chemistry · United Kingdom | 4.69Q1 | 10.77 0.87 up from 2015 | 237 | 29% | — | ||
23Acta NeuropathologicaSpringer Science+Business Media · Germany | 4.64Q1 | 11.99 0.59 up from 2015 | 420 | 82% | $4,990 | ||
24The Lancet Infectious DiseasesElsevier BV · Netherlands | 4.54Q1 | 10.02 0.19 up from 2015 | 853 | 48% | $7,280 | ||
25Clinical Plasma MedicineElsevier BV · Netherlands | 4.49Q1 | 5.29 1.61 down from 2015 | 33 | 13% | $2,050 | ||
26GerontologyKarger Publishers · Switzerland | 4.45Q1 | 21.19 8.25 up from 2015 | 234 | 49% | — | ||
27Diabetes CareAmerican Diabetes Association · United States | 4.42Q1 | 9.96 0.44 up from 2015 | 1,671 | 50% | — | ||
28Annals of Internal MedicineAmerican College of Physicians · United States | 4.40Q1 | 8.13 0.18 down from 2015 | 1,298 | 10% | — | ||
29The Lancet Diabetes & EndocrinologyElsevier BV · Netherlands | 4.30Q1 | 9.30 0.05 down from 2015 | 467 | 39% | $7,280 | ||
30Annals of NeurologyWiley · United States | 4.21Q1 | 9.37 0.14 down from 2015 | 628 | 52% | $4,700 | ||
31GastroenterologyElsevier BV · United States | 4.16Q1 | 9.28 0.78 down from 2015 | 1,550 | 11% | $4,180 | ||
32The American Journal of Sports MedicineSAGE Publishing · United States | 4.15Q1 | 7.11 0.34 up from 2015 | 1,086 | 15% | $4,400 | ||
33JAMA OncologyAmerican Medical Association · United States | 4.08Q1 | 8.15no 2015 value | 330 | 37% | — | — | |
34The Lancet Global HealthOAElsevier BV · Netherlands | 4.04Q1 | 6.33 0.80 up from 2015 | 501 | 100% | $6,680 | ||
35Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent MedicineAmerican Medical Association · United States | 4.00Q1 | 5.94 0.22 down from 2015 | 774 | 43% | — | ||
36Cochrane Database of Systematic ReviewsElsevier BV · United Kingdom | 3.95Q1 | 7.02 1.52 down from 2015 | 3,316 | 75% | $5,100 | ||
37BrainOxford University Press · United Kingdom | 3.92Q1 | 8.31 0.32 up from 2015 | 1,207 | 71% | $5,570 | ||
38Autoimmunity ReviewsElsevier BV · Netherlands | 3.87Q1 | 10.31 0.30 down from 2015 | 411 | 21% | $4,730 | ||
39The Lancet Respiratory MedicineElsevier BV · Netherlands | 3.86Q1 | 9.26 1.14 up from 2015 | 517 | 34% | $7,280 | ||
40Annals of the Rheumatic DiseasesBMJ · United Kingdom | 3.81Q1 | 8.42 0.24 down from 2015 | 1,310 | 7% | $4,870 | ||
41Clinical EpidemiologyOADove Medical Press · New Zealand | 3.76Q1 | 8.89 0.95 up from 2015 | 152 | 100% | $2,836 | ||
42AutophagyTaylor & Francis · United States | 3.72Q1 | 8.46 0.73 up from 2015 | 476 | 100% | — | ||
43Progress in Cardiovascular DiseasesElsevier BV · United States | 3.70Q1 | 6.79 0.42 up from 2015 | 235 | 15% | $4,130 | ||
44EurosurveillanceOAEuropean Centre for Disease Prevention and Control · Sweden | 3.65Q1 | 8.89 1.94 up from 2015 | 674 | 100% | — | ||
45Arthritis & RheumatismWiley · United States | 3.63Q1 | —no 2015 value | 267 | 0% | — | ||
46Annals of OncologyElsevier BV · Netherlands | 3.60Q1 | 10.19 1.26 up from 2015 | 1,423 | 87% | $5,080 | ||
47BMC MedicineOABioMed Central · United Kingdom | 3.56Q1 | 8.61 0.03 down from 2015 | 815 | 100% | $4,190 | ||
48Human Reproduction UpdateOxford University Press · United Kingdom | 3.54Q1 | 12.42 0.63 up from 2015 | 182 | 63% | $4,490 | ||
49Seminars in Cancer BiologyElsevier BV · United States | 3.52Q1 | 9.80 0.04 up from 2015 | 200 | 28% | $6,060 | ||
50Advances in NutritionElsevier BV · United States | 3.50Q1 | 6.59 0.37 up from 2015 | 258 | 100% | $5,200 |
Subfields of Medicine, compared.
- Surgery821
- Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine315
- Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health256
- Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine248
- Oncology198
- Infectious Diseases189
- Epidemiology187
- Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism151
- Neurology151
- Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging142
- Psychiatry and Mental health134
- Physiology131
- Orthopedics and Sports Medicine102
- Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health91
- Ophthalmology80
- Dermatology78
- Hematology70
- Obstetrics and Gynecology64
- Rheumatology58
- Nephrology53
- Reproductive Medicine46
- Pharmacology44
- Complementary and alternative medicine43
- Emergency Medicine37
- Geriatrics and Gerontology35
- Otorhinolaryngology32
- Rehabilitation31
- Pathology and Forensic Medicine24
- Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine23
- Hepatology21
- Genetics20
- Immunology and Allergy19
- Urology13
- Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine12
- Gastroenterology6
- Internal Medicine4
- Family Practice3
- Transplantation3
- Health Informatics1
- Anatomy0
- Biochemistry0
- Microbiology0
Journals
Citations made in 2016. Corpus-wide, 77.2% of core-journal articles and reviews published that year have at least one matched reference; the share varies by journal and field.
1,367 additional Medicine journals with metrics are unranked under this release’s eligibility rules: a journal needs at least 30 citable documents in 2013–2015, at least 80% of them with a subfield, and a positive world-average expectation. Ranks are within the whole category; filters hide rows without re-ranking. OJR excludes self-citations.
At a glance
Indicator year: 2016. Publication window: 2013–2015. How these summaries are calculated
- Ranked journals
- 3,936
- Window papers (baseline)
- 2,149,396 +13.8% from indicator year 2013
- Median OJR
- 0.725 -0.7% from indicator year 2013
- Rising journals (2025)
- 404Comparison-group list (404)
Window papers are the baseline paper population: citable papers (articles, reviews and conference papers) from 2013–2015 in all journals of the world-average baseline, including non-core journals, counted by each paper’s own subfield. They are not the papers of the ranked journals alone.
| Measure | Year series | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ranked journals | 1,634 | 1,746 | 1,853 | 1,933 | 2,023 | 2,148 | 2,258 | 2,390 | 2,497 | 2,616 | 2,755 | 2,949 | 3,131 | 3,412 | 3,611 | 3,760 | 3,936 | 4,122 | 4,350 | 4,487 | 4,543 | 4,639 | 4,671 | 4,692 | 4,640 | 4,521 | |
| Window papers (baseline) | 709,310 | 795,253 | 851,873 | 918,177 | 953,693 | 1,044,918 | 1,146,485 | 1,266,791 | 1,370,140 | 1,505,784 | 1,634,063 | 1,757,108 | 1,828,247 | 1,889,231 | 1,983,210 | 2,073,801 | 2,149,396 | 2,185,378 | 2,236,129 | 2,298,903 | 2,395,179 | 2,590,856 | 2,809,142 | 2,949,143 | 2,961,797 | 2,982,923 | |
| Median OJR | 0.48 | 0.53 | 0.56 | 0.60 | 0.61 | 0.63 | 0.68 | 0.704 | 0.724 | 0.739 | 0.756 | 0.748 | 0.760 | 0.730 | 0.749 | 0.741 | 0.725 | 0.717 | 0.701 | 0.702 | 0.715 | 0.663 | 0.655 | 0.661 | 0.660 | 0.67 |
| Measure | Category statistic | Eligible population |
|---|---|---|
| Journal self-citation share | Median: 3.2% | 3,512 journals |
| Retracted papers per 1,000 | Pooled rate: 1.465 per 1,000 | 3,472 journals |
| Output growth | Median: -6.9% | 4,166 journals |
| Open access share | Median: 100.0% | 4,521 journals |
| Listed APC (USD) | Median including $0 listed prices: $3,046 | 2,526 ranked journals with a known listed price, including $0 listed prices |
| International collaboration share | Median: 20.0% | 4,393 journals |
| Review share | Median: 2.8% | 4,521 journals |
| Articles-only OJR | Median: 0.69 | 4,492 journals |
| Uncited share | Median: 37.6% | 4,521 journals |
| Citation concentration | Median: 46.3% | 4,514 journals |
How to read these rankings
- OJR, the OpenJournalRank Indicator
- A field-normalized 3-year citation impact, computed from OpenAlex with the NCI3 method. It divides the citations a journal’s papers received by the world average for papers of the same subfield, year and type, so 1.00 is the world average and 2.00 means twice as many citations as expected. Because it is normalized, it can be compared across fields. Read the methodology
- Quartiles
- Q1 to Q4 split the ranked journals of the list you are viewing into four equal groups by OJR. A journal’s quartile depends on the list: the same journal can be Q1 in its subfield and Q2 among all journals.
- Impact factor (2-year)
- Citations per paper over a two-year window, counted from OpenAlex. It is easy to compare with familiar impact factors but is not field-normalized, so compare it only within a field. It is not Clarivate’s Journal Impact Factor. Why it differs from the Journal Impact Factor
- Rank ranges
- Each rank in the latest year carries a likely range from 1,000 resamples of the journal’s papers. Where two journals’ ranges overlap, the data cannot tell them apart, so treat neighbouring ranks as ties.